Belgian Crown Prince Philippe, left, and his wife Mathilde, attend a photo call with the Belgian federal government prior to a farewell lunch at the Royal Palace in Laeken near Brussels, Monday, July 15, 2013. Belgian King Albert will abdicate in favor of Crown Prince Philippe on July 21. (AP Photo/Yves Logghe)
Belgian Crown Prince Philippe, left, and his wife Mathilde, attend a photo call with the Belgian federal government prior to a farewell lunch at the Royal Palace in Laeken near Brussels, Monday, July 15, 2013. Belgian King Albert will abdicate in favor of Crown Prince Philippe on July 21. (AP Photo/Yves Logghe)
Fans of the Belgian Royals wave at Belgium's King Albert II, at the start of his 3-day farewell tour, in Ghent, western Belgium, Wednesday, July 17, 2013. Belgian King Albert II has recently unexpectedly announced that he will abdicate in favor of Crown Prince Philippe on July 21. (AP Photo/Yves Logghe)
Crown Prince Philippe, right, and Belgian King Albert II attend a farewell lunch with the Belgian federal government at the Royal Palace in Laeken near Brussels, Monday, July 15, 2013. Belgian King Albert will abdicate in favor of Crown Prince Philippe on July 21. (AP Photo/Yves Logghe)
Queen Paola, left, waves, and Belgium's King Albert II, wears a AA Ghent soccer team scarf, as they visit the brand new Ghelamco soccer stadium, during a 3-day farewell tour, in Ghent, western Belgium, Wednesday, July 17, 2013. Belgian King Albert II has recently unexpectedly announced that he will abdicate in favor of Crown Prince Philippe on July 21. (AP Photo/Yves Logghe)
Anti-royalists and separatists of the far right movement 'Voorpost' show republican posters as Belgian King Albert II, arrives, during a 3-day farewell tour, in Ghent, western Belgium, Wednesday, July 17, 2013. Belgian King Albert II has previously unexpectedly announced that he will abdicate in favor of Crown Prince Philippe on July 21. Banners read: 'Republic Flanders, Now', 'Belgium Bursts', 'Flanders Independent'. (AP Photo/Yves Logghe)
BRUSSELS (AP) ? In a fractious nation ever more divided by language, it may be too much to ask for a royal to hold it all together. Belgian King Albert on Sunday hands over the throne to his son Philippe in a day-long ceremony, but the transition from a trusted monarch to a disputed successor gives Belgians yet another subject to disagree on.
During his two-decade reign, Albert oversaw much of the steady unraveling of the unitary country into a federal state where 6 million Dutch-speaking Flemings and 4.5 million French-speakers increasingly live apart.
So even if Sunday's celebrations feature heartwarming balcony scenes with the new royal couple kissing and acknowledging the cheers of the crowd below, King Philippe may face trouble as early as next June, when elections will question everything from Belgian nationhood to the place of the monarchy.
"It will be his litmus test," said Brussels University professor Marc Uyttendaele. After the last elections it took a record 541 days before a government could be formed amid much bickering about how much more power should be sapped from the central state to profit the separate language groups.
A large majority of Belgians and political parties happily lived with a royal family led by an apolitical King Albert, who brought a sense of fun and warmth to an institution that had rarely given Belgians much to cheer about.
At 79, though, he has grown increasingly frail. Since he decided to step down on July 3, he has been doing a farewell tour of the major cities on both sides of the linguistic frontier that cuts the kingdom in half.
For many in many in northern Flanders, the monarchy has long been seen as a francophone institution working at the expense of the Dutch-speakers. Historically, royals have had trouble yielding to a parliamentary democracy and Albert was seen as the first to play the part perfectly.
Belgians will be relieved if Philippe takes after him.
"Let him continue like his father. Because everybody was very happy," said teenager Thibault Beyaert, who cheered Albert in Ghent, bedecked in Belgian colors and waving a tricolor flag. "It can only be positive."
In the Flemish city 50 kilometers (30 miles) west of the capital, there was still uncertainty about Philippe.
"There were people who said that 'no, he is not ready', but it is not true," said Monica Couvent as she stood among the throngs and discussed the largely unproven crown prince. "He must be given the opportunity."
It he is not ready at 53, he may never be. When Albert's brother, King Baudouin, died in 1993, everything pointed to Philippe taking over instead of his father. It didn't happen, and in a major surprise at the time, the man who was never expected to be king, began a 20-year reign as monarch.
Philippe, who is married to Princess Mathilde and has four children, has been groomed for the job as a leader of foreign trade delegations. Silver-haired and bespectacled, he has the looks of a future monarch, if not the natural grace.
"He is not the smoothest of characters," said historian and author Marc Reynebeau. "It is wait and see. He made a few statements that were less than promising."
Making some allusions that he would let himself be heard on the political stage, Philippe has produced fodder for anti-royalists. "He said he had a mission when he is there for a ceremonial role. He should not have a mission," said Reynebeau.
The Flanders region has two parties with an anti-royalist streak ? the leading New Flemish Alliance and the extreme right Flemish Interest party.
The Flemish Interest party won't even show up when Philippe takes the oath in parliament on Sunday. For its leader, Gerolf Annemans, the abdication of Albert would have been the right moment for change to a presidential system ? one for an independent Flanders at least.
"We thought it was a good occasion to end this whole theater," he said. "The king is part of the Belgian theater. He is just the puppet on a string."
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Mike Corder in The Hague, Netherlands contributed to this report.
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